Assuming the online manual is roughly correct for your TDI then:
Manual page SC-24 shows the alternator wiring:
The rev counter gets speed info from the ECM, which is derived from the crank TDC sensor. There is no tacho info from the alternator, only the charge indicator lamp.
The tacho anomaly may well be caused by a poor earth connection though.
Manual page SC-14 shows the starter wiring:
You should be able to connect the "B/W" (E114), (103), (M45) wire to the battery +VE terminal and the engine should crank over (but not start)
If it does not crank well, or at all, then as has been suggested look at the condition of ALL of the connections to/from the battery including the earth bond to the chassis, fractured cables, poor crimps etc.
If you have you have a volt/test meter? I can make some other suggestions.
Ray