Look at lorrys when your next on a major A road or Motorway :thumbs
:thumbs
sadly lorries aren't built for fuel efficency and aerodynamics at all! they are built for the largest volume of truck withing the legal maximum dimensions, that's why they have a slab flat front and the driver sits over the engine.
with uk and europe's laws if you had the engine out front (like a USA truck) you could not tow a full lenght trailer. It's all about load capacity not aerodynamics.
there was a Scania with a long bonnet marketed wonce and it made the whoel thing 2 feeet over length when towing. I could look the model and info up and provide a long, but i can't be arsed!
aerodynamics afects energy used at any speed, that's why runners, and cyclists pay it so much attention.
So yes you roof bars wil case drag, but how to work out how much fuel? i haveno idea.
but there are so many other variables, for example if a car travels 100 on 10 litres of fuel.
the milage will change according to:
the exact roads used
followig traffic
the trafic you are following
traffic on other side of the road
gradiants
side wind
head wind
tyre pressures
air temperature
air pressure
fuel composition and quality
etc. etc.
So if you need very accurate results you would have to run a test in controlled circumstances where all variables could be fixed, and then add or remove drag.
And that we can not do.
but it is a fact that anyhting you add to the car, will change fuel economy one way or the other, weather ou can mesure the change or not is another question.